Monday, November 14, 2022

Menyebarnya Teori Konspirasi terkait COVID-19

Menyebarnya Teori Konspirasi terkait COVID-19

Nabila Fatmazahro, Leonard Stephan, P.,

Dominica Shamara Gita, Sitti Nurhalizah, Ikrar Adiyat


Dewasa kini setiap manusia di dunia tengah menghadapi masa yang cukup baru. Masa tersebut adalah masa pandemi. Pandemi merupakan penyebaran penyakit yang cukup parah dan berbahaya secara luas dari satu negara ke negara lain dan memengaruhi orang di seluruh dunia dalam jumlah besar secara simultan, berkelanjutan dan sulit untuk dikendalikan. Pandemi kembali terjadi di awal abad ke-20. Pandemi tersebut bernama Covid-19. Pandemi yang disebabkan oleh virus ini tidak terlalu berbahaya, tapi apabila diabaikan dapat mengancam nyawa. 


Virus Covid-19 pertama kali ditemukan pada Desember 2019 di Wuhan, Huabei, China. Kasus ini diawali dengan penemuan penyakit pneumonia yang asing dan belum terdeteksi dimanapun. Kasus ini secara epidemiologis ditemukan di salah satu pasar grosir makanan laut hunan. Setelah diteliti lebih lanjut, ditemukan bahwa terdapat isolasi virus pernapasan baru khususnya pada saluran pernafasan individu yang terjangkit penyakit pneumonia. Virus baru ini memiliki genom yang hampir serupa dengan virus novel Sars-Cov. Akan tetapi, virus corona baru lebih berbahaya karena penyebaran virus yang termasuk pada subgenus Sarbecovirus ini terjadi secara cepat dan global. Covid-19 yang menyebar secara global membuat banyak manusia meninggal dunia karena terjangkit virus ini. Oleh karena itu, Organisasi Kesehatan Dunia (WHO) mendeklarasikan fenomena virus ini menjadi pandemi pada 12 Maret 2020.


Sejak Covid-19 muncul, kita sering kali dihadapkan dengan konspirasi-konspirasi yang berkaitan dengan pandemi tersebut. Sebelum melangkah lebih jauh, kita perlu mengenali arti dibalik teori konspirasi. Menurut Swami dan Furnham (dalam Georgious, Delfabbro, & Balzan, 2020), teori konspirasi atau conspiracy theories merupakan kepercayaan yang salah terhadap sebuah kejadian. Teori konspirasi berasal dari individu atau kalangan tertentu yang memiliki kekuatan lebih dalam memberikan suatu pernyataan dibandingkan masyarakat biasa, yang mana individu atau kalangan tersebut memberikan penjelasan yang ‘berbelok arah’ pada isu tertentu.


Beberapa teori konspirasi sering dianggap sebagai suatu hal yang terbukti benar. Nyatanya, begitu banyak orang memercayai bahwa teori konspirasi itu nyata karena adanya pertentangan kepercayaan, kecurigaan berlebih akan suatu hal, niat yang jahat, keyakinan bahwa ada yang salah, merasa menjadi subjek penganiayaan, tidak memercayai suatu data, dan menafsirkan suatu hal secara acak, maka pemikiran kritis adalah suatu hal yang dapat menjadi solusinya.

Dalam perspektif psikologi, teori konspirasi yang terjadi dalam diri individu dan masyarakat disebabkan oleh motif epistemik atau istilah tentang ingin lebih mengetahui suatu hal yang terjadi secara luas, existensial atau keinginan untuk mengontrol dan memberi rasa aman, serta motif sosial atau untuk mengangkat derajat serta nilai yang ada pada dalam diri individu dalam suatu kelompok.

 

Pandemi covid-19 yang dengan cepat menyebar membuat banyak prasangka dan spekulasi-spekulasi yang bermunculan di masyarakat, sehingga menyebabkan banyak konspirasi yang lahir dari pandemi Covid-19. Konspirasi-konspirasi yang bermunculan menyebar dengan sangat cepat melalui media sosial, media baca, internet, informasi publik, dan masih banyak lagi.

Beberapa teori konspirasi mengenai covid-19 yang sempat membuat dunia heboh diantaranya, yaitu;

1.     Virus Corona dibuat oleh para elit global

2.   Covid-19 sengaja dibuat untuk mengurangi populasi manusia

3.   Covid-19 telah diramalkan oleh film kartun “The Simpsons”

4.   China secara sengaja membuat virus corona

5. Virus Corona merupakan virus yang tidak sengaja terlepas

dari laboratorium di China

6.   Amerika merupakan dalang dibalik pandemi covid-19

7. Covid-19 merupakan senjata biologis yang dibuat oleh China,

dan masih banyak lagi teori konspirasi lainnya.

Konspirasi terkait covid-19 dapat muncul dan menyebar karena adanya beberapa faktor, yaitu adanya ketidakpastian terkait kesehatan, ekonomi, sosial menyebabkan banyak orang mengembangkan narasi untuk memahami covid-19 ini, salah satunya dengan membuat teori konspirasi. Faktor sosio-demografis meliputi usia, jenis kelamin, etnis, pendapatan, dan tingkat pendidikan, juga akan memengaruhi dan mendukung keyakinan terhadap konspirasi COVID-19. 


Kemudian, orang-orang yang cenderung mengandalkan intuisi dan yang memiliki pengetahuan ilmiah dasar yang lebih rendah juga kurang mampu membedakan antara informasi yang benar dan salah terkait COVID-19 dan lebih cenderung berbagi informasi yang salah. Sehubungan dengan itu, tingkat kepercayaan yang rendah pada sains dan ilmuwan serta skeptisisme umum terhadap sains akan membuat orang-orang membuat dan menerima tambahan, penjelasan alternatif tentang asal usul virus dan keinginan yang lebih besar untuk menyebarkan berbagai jenis informasi yang salah tentang COVID-19.


Ketidakpercayaan pada pemerintah, politisi, militer, dokter, ilmuwan, WHO, juga dapat menyebabkan penyebaran teori konspirasi COVID-19. Dan berada dalam suatu kelompok sosial yang memiliki kelima karakteristik di atas memungkinkan tersebarnya konspirasi Covid-19. Media sosial juga menjadi pendorong penyebaran teori konspirasi Covid-19.

Dari beberapa faktor di atas, dapat mengarahkan individu dalam melihat peristiwa Covid-19 berkaitan dengan konspirasi teori. Hal tersebut disebut sebagai illusory correlation yang merupakan kecenderungan memandang korelasi antara dua peristiwa yang mendukung keyakinan kita, bahkan jika tidak berdasar pada ilmu objektif dan analitis. Hal ini sejalan dengan Health Belief Model, dengan variabel demografis dan karakteristik psikologis (meliputi gaya berpikir, interaksi dengan kelompok sosial) akan mendukung belief terhadap konspirasi dan menimbulkan konsekuensi berupa tindakan. Konsekuensi dari konspirasi covid-19, mencakup ketidaksetujuan mengikuti protokol kesehatan, mengikuti praktik kesehatan yang tidak berbasis bukti empiris, tidak ingin mendapatkan vaksin,dan sebagainya.

Wednesday, October 14, 2020

Customs and Excise Patrols in Indonesia During of COVID 19

 

Customs and Excise Patrols in Indonesia

During of COVID 19

    Marine Patrols of Customs and Excise Indonesia in Singapore Strait , Monday , 27 July 2020

Nasionale.com , Jakarta : In this Pandemic of COVID 19 there are many  things are forced to change in the process be it in the fields of politics, economics, education etc. The changes those  are feel by many people, and  also have an impact on one state agency namely  Directorate General of Customs and Excise in do  their duties espescially at  Sub-Directorate for Marine Patrols.

“Marine patrols  of Customs and Excise have an important role in the economy of the Indonesian people which means it is a fiscal patrol to secure the rights and state revenues from incoming duties and outgoing duties and other taxes for example PPN  taxes in the context of import.” said Mr. Andik Krisdianto as Head of Section 1 Indonesian Customs and Excise Marine Patrol , Wednesday ( 07/10 )

Since the announcement of the COVID- 19 case in Indonesia, all citizens are required to work from home, but this does not apply to patrol members there are  many factor ,  among others are because if this activity is not do , it can be ascertained that foreign ships are arbitrary in Indonesian Marine Teritory  and will also have a negative impact on the country's economy. In addition, based on examinations, patrol members have a small risk of being infected  COVID -19 .

 “Marine patrols continue to operate because the smuggling problem will never stop ,  when we carry out this operation, we still wear complete PPE  for example during inspection activity,” said Mr.Fernando Joels as Patrol Commander ship BC 1410 , Thursday (08/10)

There are several changes that have occurred in the implementation of this marine patrol including the fact that all patrol members must wear PPE in the inspection of members  foreign ships, first they must be  spray  with disinfectant and wash their hands  after that they will be take to the nearest Customs and Excise office to do some investigation

Beside  from foreign ship members, to ensure the safety of members, strict health protocols are also applied. "For members who do patrols, they  must checked  first through rapid tests so if who else is expose to this virus he will not do this patrols " said Mr. Andik Krisdianto again

Regarding the condition of the Indonesian Ocean, it remains the same as before this pandemic but there are several new protocols that must be implemented, that is  health protocol, both for members of the patrol and  smugglers who are being handled.  So the process of this marine patrol is not much different during the pandemic and before the pandemic what distinguishes ,  there is a stricter health protocol to  preventing the spread of  COVID 19 .

Tuesday, August 18, 2020

Fatma studying Job Application Letter Pt2

Assalamualaikum Wr.Wb 
    Hello guys, comeback again with me Fatma . Hmm .. It's already a week after I wrote my last blog . And what is my activity in my English Class today . It's Very Interesting why? I do my Job Interview based from Job vacancy , Job application letter and my CV that I applied before . and I got a heartbeat because I afraid if I couldn't answer the Interviewers ask to me . But I think my Interview has done very well .
   So How about my mechanism for my interview ? Okay I will tell about everything that I remember . First it's about 9.40 A.M  Mr Ach attended  in my class to continue the second interview in this week and then He told to us don't be panic and don't be worry about the question just focus what the Interviewer ask to us and then just be relax to answer that . 
  After that Mr Ach divided Us in to a breakout room and he sayed if he will interview us one by one and we waited until our turn has been . and then i waited Mr Ach to interview me it's about fourty minutes i waited until  my turn and after that Mr Ach as a Interviewer  started the Interview  
and I will show you what are the question Mr.Ach asked to me 
1.What position that you wanted to applied ? 
I want take a Student counselor position 
2. Tell me about your self 
First of all My name is Nabila Fatmazahro and you can call me Fatma , I live in Bekasi and I've finished my graduate in Faculty of Pschology University of Padjajaran Bandung as a Bachelor Degree and I have 2 years  work experience as a Student counselor and also a Civics Teacher in Alzhar Senior High School Bandung . 
3. So as a student counselor you work in Acedemy Field , and why you Interested ? 
I Think work as a student counselor is very fun because we can get a relation between student and teacher and in this school there are to many teenagers and absolutely that have a trouble in their Puberty life so I want to help them with my skills . 
4. Okay Miss Fatma show me your skills ? 
I have problem solving skills , means i can help people to solve their problem like give them a suggestion , Motivation and make them feel better 
I have Interpersonal skills , means i know what people thinking , what people feeling from their acts and their hand writing . 
I can speak 4 language , there Bahasa , English , Japanese and a little bit Korean 
5. Miss Fatma what is your strength ? 
I used to discipline , full of responbilty for my job a , full of concentration to finish my assignment and many people say if I'm Friendly
6. Do you have any conflicts ? 
I think i don't have any conflicts with my friends , my students or I can say i don't have external conflicts maybe the conflicts are come from myself or Internal Conflicts 
7.How can you handle your conflicts ? 
My Friends  and who knows me if I'm a Overthinkier person , how can I handle it I think i will do some activity , entertain my self  that make me happy like watching Korean Drama and i will do it until i forget my conflicts before and feels better 
8. Miss Fatma what do you think about Team work ? 
Team Work is very fun , because with the team we can share some of point of view while doing discussion and make it to be one decision , also with the team work i can solve the problem together 
   And after the last question Mr Ach stayed Thank you for me and then He stayed me to leave the room meeting and get some Freetime . My Interview duration spent 15 minutes and then after doing the Interview i sudied chemistry and finished my task from Mrs. Erna .
  Okay i think that's all from me , sorry for all my bad . Thank you 
Wassalamualaikum Wr.wb 




Tuesday, August 4, 2020

Fatma studied Job Application letter

Assalamualaikum Wr.Wb 
       
           Hallo Friends, come back again with me Fatma . Hm do you miss me ? Yes I miss you too .Okay guys I won't wasted my time so let's end this chit chat . 
         Today 28 July 2020 , I was studying about Job Application Letter . So what is Job Application Letter ? Job Application letter is a document sent with your resume to provide additional information about your skills and experience to an employer that was mister Ach  tell to us when he was teaching in the class and today mister Ach also taught us about the structures for Job Application letter there are many structures of them like name and adress  of the Applicant , date the letter sent , employers information , position and many others . 
        And Mister Ach also Taught us about CV , CV is includes extensive information of your academy background like experience , degrees , awards , publications and other achievement . and After he explained the subject . He gave us the task , there are : Job Vacancy , Job Applications letter and CV . 
After he gave us the task . We Played Quizizz and the question is so hard and I got troubled with my connection so I played again for three times to get the score that I wanted. 
       After played quizizz Mr Ach told us to move in Line Chat to fixed our job vacancy that we need to write . and I know if find the job is so hard because there are expired time and the  long time for job experience before and the job for bachelor too least . so need a few minutes to get the job vacancy that I want I texted MR Ach and asked it can or no and yes Mr .Ach approved my job vacancy . 
     So Guys that's what I studied for today , the topic is Job Applicationt letter and I think this topic is more harder than before because we can't write the Job Letter or CV like we want , we need to reason to make that , The sentences and the words that we need is too hard  ,Like i sayed in my blog before I can't make the perfect sentences and the words that i know is too simple . 
    So maybe I need to study more than this . I know is hard and tired but I try my best, So friend if you want study please ask me to join with you  , I always prayed and try my best .
   I think that's all sorry  for my bad , Thank you very much to read my blog .




Wassalamualaikum Wr.wb 

      

Thursday, July 23, 2020

Fatma's Asking and offering help pt2

       Assalamualaikum wr.wb

      Hello Friends comeback again with Fatma , it’s  already  a week after i write again  Yuhuu .Now i want to tell you about  my english lesson story  yesterday . I still study about asking and offering help but it’s more fun than before  .

      first season we still review about asking and offering help, mr ach explained the subjects again because he  wants  us to remember what he taught , and Alhamdulillah i still remember that . so when Mr ach give us a Quizizz i can answer that very well ,  and in  quizizz i got a new word about vocabulary and verb .

      In Second season Mr Ach devide us into nine groups , and i got Farrel and Adam to be my partner group . Farrel is very smart and Adam very funny ,in this season mr ach tell us to make a conversation abou random word  and make it to be the topic  . the topic is cursed word ( like what is a curse word , why we say cursed word , and when we say that ) , i think i got a trouble in this conversation because i don’t know how can i to explain that in english  so maybe my score not good .

      But farell try to help me how can i say that  he explained to me slowly  so i can understand . suddenly in a middle conversation Adam go out from the room chat so i just do a conversation with Mr  Ach and Farrel . This season is very fun although i couldn’t do my best .

     After that Mr. Ach give us a dialogue recording , the recording is very hard to obvoious because their english accent . Honestly i seldom to listen british accent but after 5 times i repeat it  finally i can understand what the conversation in dialogue , so after i understand i write the main topic in my notes . Last lesson we do quizizz for exercise and test but because there’ve enough time ,Mr Ach just give us the link for Quizizz and i’m so happy because i get a high score .

     I tink thats all from me . Hope we’ll meet again  another time  with my new experience . and hope you don’t bored with me . Thank you

 

    Wassalamualaikum wr.wb

 

 

 

       

Thursday, July 16, 2020

Fatma's first assignment

Assalamualaikum Wr. Wb

      Hallo Friends , My name is Nabila Fatmazahro and you can call me Fatma  or Nabila . I’m seventeen years old . I was born on 20 May 2003 in Tanjung Balai Karimun, Kepri , Indonesia . i ‘m a first child in my Family , I have three younger brothers . My hobbies are writting some of poetry , read novel ( especially romantic novels ) and listening KPOP music . My Goals are to be a good person and can help many people in this world . and my ambition is to be Psychologist . Honestly i don’t really can speak english but i understand what is the meaning if someone ask to me  and also i still confuse about the structure and some difficult words sometimes is very complicated for me . but i try my best Insha Allah

    Today I studied about Asking and offering help , and this is my first class with Mr Achdi . He taught very well and i can understand what he sayed this morning . Mr Achdi knows who the students don’t understand . From the Asking and offering help there is important thing that we should be know , that is Main idea . there are three conditions to get main idea that are : Not too long , what is the best thing , what is the relation ship between the people according the text . Asking help and offering help have the meaning . Asking help means if someone need help and offering help means if someone offering  help . And after Mr Achdi explain the subject , he gave us the post test .

   Mr Ach also devide us in fourteen groups . there are two people in one group , I got rahmad to be my partner in this group . and i don’t get trouble with him because i’ve in the same class with him before so its too simply communication with him . We discuss the dialogue about Asking and offering help . we take the topic about  sacrifice in Idul Adha . and this the dialogue between me and Rahmad

Dialogue between Fatma and Rahmad

Fatma : Hey Mat Morning , How are you ?

Rahmad : Morning , I’m Fine . and you ?

Fatma : yes i’m fine too , what are you doing in your quarantine life ?

Rahmad : i’m surfing in the beach and played skate board around my home , And you ? ( Rahmad Act played skate board )

Fatma : I read some novels and write some poetry .

Rahma :Oh  that sound so good,  Any way  in two weeks again it’s Idul adha and i’m a member of sacrificial for this year and also sell the animal for that , i want to offer you to sacrifice in my place

 ( Rahmad show the brochure )

Fatma : Okay , what kind of animal that you offer to me and how about the price ?

Rahmad : There are Cow and goat . Hmm about the price is not too expensive . For the cow its  around 20 -25 Million Rupiah and the goat its 3-5 million rupiah .

Fatma : Wow it’s still too expensive for me but i think i will buy the goat from you mad

Rahmad : Hahaha , I know that but the rewards that you got more than the price fat

Fatma : Hm You’re right , but by the way what is the weight of the goat?

Rahmad : The goat is so big and very healthy , its about 100 kg .

Fatma : Oh okay  that’s so big . okay i want to order the goat , By the way how can i to buy it?

Rahmad : Alright you can transfer the money and then  i will regist your name to sacrifite it in Idul Adha

Fatma : Wow okayy , but can you bring the goat to my home? my nephew like it so much

Rahmad : Oh i see , Alright you can contact me and give me your adress. ( rahmad give the card )

Fatma : Okay , i will contact  you and transfer the money  later

Rahmad : Thank you very much Fatma

Fatma : You’re welcome mad , Okay i need to go now . See you

Rahmad : Yeah , see you Fatma

    Okay Friends that is my dialogue with Rahmad . I know that's too long and the sentences  are very bad . but just like I say before I try my best . And I hope you enjoy with my blog . I'm sorry if there are bad words or act to you . I think that all thank you .

Wassalamualaikum wr.wb 


Menyebarnya Teori Konspirasi terkait COVID-19

Menyebarnya Teori Konspirasi terkait COVID-19 Nabila Fatmazahro, Leonard Stephan, P., Dominica Shamara Gita, Sitti Nurhalizah, Ikrar Adiyat ...